Culinary and heating oil-stove



(No Model.)

V. E. RANDALL. CULINARY AND HEATING @1L s101711.

Patented Aug. 23, 18192.

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A'rnNr VICTOR E. RANDALL, OF BURLINGTON, MICHIGAN.

CULINARY AND HEATING OIL=STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 481,511, dated August 23, 1892.

Alpncaeon ined January 8, 1892.

To all whom t may concer-n,.-

Be it known that I, VICTOR E. RANDALL, a

lcitizen of the United States, and a resident of in which hydrocarbon or other oils adapted to the purpose are employed as fuel, the same being supplied through a suitable reservoir or receptacle to any desired or convenient number of Wicks.

The invention consists in certain novel parts or co-operating assemblages of parts in an oil-stove whereby the wick-chamber or wick-tube and its contents are prevented from becoming unduly heated, whereby the the oil chamber or reservoir also is maintained at a low temperature, whereby currents of suitably-moistened air are supplied in proper volume to the flame-opening, whereby the chimney or combustion-chamber and the air or heating drum and mixing-chamber are made readily detachable from the body of the stove proper, wherebywhen the superstructure of the stove has been detached the base or substructure is readily convertible into a cooking-stove, and whereby the stove is readily rendered either illuminating or nonilluminating, as may be desired.

In the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this specitication, Figure l represents a transverse vertical central section ot the stove, the chimney or combustionchamber and the outer casing or heatingdrum, together with its surmounting discharging-dome, being in place. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal sectional plan View asin the plane at w win Fig. l. Fig. 3 represents a horizontal sectional plan view as in the plane at :r in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail top plan ot' the chimney as in the line 'gy in Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a detail horizontal section in the line indioated at z in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 :represents a detail side elevation as when looking in the direction indicated by the arrow seen at the left in Fig. l. Fig. 7 represents the base or body of the stove as when the closing-ring or cut-off plate is applied and the stove is adapted for cooking purposes, the ligure being in part a side elevation and in part a transverse ver- Serial No. l117,386. (No model.)

tical central section of this portion of the apparatus.

The base A of the stove A consists of an annular downwardly and outwardly Haring air-receiving section A2, which is supported upon legs Z Z Z2, dac., a reservoir-section A3, which is received upon the upper extremity of the air-receiving section, a cap or coveringsection A4, which rests upon the upper extremity of the outer wall of the reservoir-section A3, and a central or intermediate wicktube and flame-spreading section A5.

The reservoir-section A3 embraces the annular outer casing @,an outer or primary annular air-passage a', the annular oil-reservoir or fuel-receptacle proper a2, a secondary annular air-passage a3, an annular water-reservoir a4, a third annular air-passage a5,awick chamber or wick-tube a6, and a central airtube or draft-passage as, which is formed by the inner cylinder a7 of the wick-tube.

The annular oil-reservoir a2 rests by its outer periphery upon the projecting inner flange or seat a f at the upper extremity ofthe annular air-receiving section A2, and suitable securing-bolts a b connect this annular section and the parts immediately above it with a iianged annular collar a c, which is received upon the upper extremity of the outer casing a and which forms a suitable seat for the cap or covering-section A4.

The annular cap or covering-section A4 is in its lower portion Hat and preferably nearly horizontal, as shown, and to it in its narrowest or detiecting portion is secured the lower extremity of the frame or body a. of the outer illuminating` or windowed section A. This covering-section has at one side an orifice 0, which is adapted to receive or be passed over the tillingtube ct t of the oil-reservoir a2,and it may at one side be pivotally secured by a hinge-pin p to projections upon the hanged ring or frame a c of the section A3, the opposite side being made fast by means of a pin p', which engages the depending flange ot' the covering-section and the collar a c of the reservoir-section.

Upon the inner face of the frame a" ot the drum portion of the outer illuminating-section A6 is provided a continuous annular seat s, while upon the outer surface of the upper extremity of such frame or body are two op- IDO positely-placed lugs 0,10 a1", each of which is provided with a slot 0,11.

The two concentric cylinders, which constitute the vertical walls of the wick-chamber or wick-tube and the inner of which constitutes the central draft-passage or air-tube a8, extend, as will be seen, both below the bottom and above the plane of the top of the reservoir-section proper. At a point near its base the wick-chamber is supplied with oil from the reservoir a2 through a pipe p2, by which it is at one side connected to the lower portion of the reservoir.

Upon the inner surface of the central airpassage a8, preferably in plane with the upper extremity of the reservoir, are lugs or brackets 11 Z in suitable number, the unattached upturned ends of which are engaged by the lower extremity of a vertical cylinder Q1 c, which extends upwardly to a pon t a short distance above the upper end of the wicktubeand its wick, at which point it is closed byan; imperforate horizontal cap he, which is of somewhat greater diameter than the body of the cylinder, and thus overhangs the entire area of the central air-tube and slightly over hangs the Wick-tube itself as well.

The outer wall of the water-reservoir has at its upper extremity a vertically-placed and upwardly-indrawn closing and dellectin g ring 0,12, the horizontal area of which corresponds with that of the body of the water-reservoir itself, and at its upper extremiiyit is suitably recessed to receive the lower extremity of an annular deiiecting and supporting collar ct d, which upwardly is inwardly curved toward the projecting peripheral flange h f of the detlecting and closing plate or horizontal cap h c and in vertical plane with the third annular air-passage a5. Near its base the collar a d has a continuous horizontal exterior seat s', which, as will be seen in Figs. l and 7, is coincident with the seat s upon the lower inner portion of the frame a1 of tlleouter illuminating-section A6.

The upwardly-indrawn deilecting-ring @12 has at one side an opening (113, through which when the coveringsection is tilted and when its cover a is removed water is supplied to the receptacle a4.

Suitable hangers a h, which are secured to the lower and outer extremity of the third annular air-passage, receive a horizontal detlector or floor-screen a s, which upon its upper surface is by preference covered with asbestus, felt, or other non-conducting and incombustible substance. p

The upper section or superstructure B of the stove A consists of ,the cylindrical exterior drum or radiator B and the cylindroconical combustion-chamber and chimney B2, the two being firmly connected together and detachable from the base-section of the stove, as shown and as will be described.

At the base of the drum or kradiator B is the ring b, which has exterior lugs 11', top re cess 112, and interior horizontal inwardly-extending perforated arms 113 113. The top recess 112 receives the sheet-metal cylinder 111, which at its upper extremity receives in turn the cap-ring 115, which has flat body 11G, bottom flange 117, top ange 118, depending outer rim 119, and central centrally-perforated transverse bar 111. The upper extremity of the cylindrical drum encircles the bottom flange 117, while the top iiange 118 receives the rim 1112 of the surmounting air-discharging dome d.

Rods 11 r 11 fr, received by their ends in perforations in the transverse bearing-bar 111o and in the inwardlyextending horizontal arms 11B 113 of the lower ring, serve to secure the described parts in position.

The combustion-chamber and chimney B2 comprises the cylinder 11 c, which byits lower and preferably flanged extremity 11 e is received upon the seat s and is provided with suitable windows 11 w, which, as clearly seen in Fig. 1, are coincident with like windows a w in the exterior casing of the stove', and thel conical sui-mounting chimney 1115, the body of which has vertically-extending corrugations 1116 and at its upper extremity is provided with a centrally-placed transverse bearing- -bar 1117.

In assembling the parts the outwardly-extending lugs 11 11 at the base of the ring 111 of the radiator B being passed through the slots 0,11 in the lugs 0,10 of the frame or body a1 of the outer illuminating-section A, the cylinder being then slightly turned in a horizontal plane, engage the body of such lugs, and thus lock the two cylinders together. By the same movement the interior arms 113 are passed through coincident notches (not shown) in the rim 11 t, formed by the junction of the cone with its cylindrical base, and engage the bottom surface of such rim. The lower extremity of the cylinder 114 is received within avertically-curved closing and covering ring 111B, the downwardly-extending portion of which conceals the main body of the base-ring and its slotted lugs from View and constitues a suitable finish for this portion of the stove.

At one side the combustion and chimney section of the stove is provided witha handle or lever 11 h, which extends outward through a horizontal slot 11 s in the body of the cylinder 114 and has movement to and fro therein.

A short vertical rod 11 o is loosely received and secured at its upper extremity in a perforation at the mid-length of the transverse supporting-bar 1111 ot' the upperring 115 ot' the radiator-section, and at its lower end such rod is suitably secured to the transverse central bar 1117 at the top of the ehimneyywhile coincident with this rod and concentric with it` and with the chimney a circular deectingplate dp is secured upon the upper transverse bar. In some cases it may be `desirable 1o make the waterchamber a4 of somewhat greater dimensions by extending its lower portion below the plane of the oil-reservoir, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. l.

Instead of the described compound or two- ICO ITO

tzo

part deflector extending upward from the upper extremity of the outer cylinder of the water-receptacle, a one-part annular deiiector of like form and extent may be provided; also, the ring or collar a, c at the upper extremity of the base or oil-reservoir section of the stove may be made plain or unflanged upon its exterior face, and the closing-cap or covering-section may be sleeved over the same and secured thereto by a locking or bayonet joint after the manner of an ordinary two-part lantern; also, a capped opening coincident with the watersupply opening 0.13 in the inner section may be provided inV such closing-cap or covering-section.

To persons skilled in the art to which the invention relates the operation of the stove will in the main be apparent from the foregoing description of its construction. The oil-reservoir and the water-reservoir having been duly filled-and the wick having been lighted, air will be supplied to the flame interiorly through the central draft-passage and through the annular space a s between the body of the cylinder 0,7 and the inner wall of the wick-tube and exteriorly through the annular passage which directly encircles the wick-tube and which opens into the space above the annular water-chamber, the currents as they rise being suitably hydrated by moisture from the contents of the watercham ber. The air-currents which are received through the primary and secondary annular air-inlet passages a and a3 are intermingled as they approach the indrawn portions of the inner and outer casings, and from this point to their point of discharge from the radiator into the dome which surmounts such radiator they are exposed to the iniiuence of the highlyheated surface of the cylindro-conical combustion-cham ber. The parts being under the adjustment represented in Fig. 1, the inner and outer Windows are in coincidence, as shown, and the full illuminating power of the flame is made available. Vhen it is desired to render the stove non-illuminating, the handle or lever b h is moved to the opposite extremity of its slot, thereby moving an ixnperforate and non-illuminating section of the outer casing into coincidence with each of the Windows in the inner section. Removal of the upper section or superstructure B from the lower section or base A of the stove and the application of the closing or cut-off ring c r to the seats s and s adapts such base-section to use for culinary purposes, as represented in Fig. 7 of the drawings, either a baking-oven, a boiliugvessel,or a gridiron or other broiler being applicable upon the top of the section A6. The provision of the water-chamber between the wick-chamber and the oil-reservoir prevents the latter from becoming too highly heated, and the provision of the annular airchamber between the wick-chamber and the water-chamber insures the continued low telnperature of the water-chamber itself, while the entire separation of the outer air-chamber from the name-space and combustionchamber insures avoidance of unsteadiness or flickering of the alne which in many of this class of devices is frequently produced by the sudden union of two air-currents of widely-different temperatures. The corrugation of the body of the chimney provides a largely-increased area of heated radiating-surface, thus effecting a more thorough utilization of the heat evolved from the fuel, and the provision of the detlector directly above and in suitable proximity to the upper extremity of such chimney affords at the point where the heat-currents from the combustionchaniber encounter the air-currents as they ascend through the radiating-drum a mixingchamber in which the intermingling of oxygen with the heat-currents insures ignition of any previously-unconsumed gases contained therein.

The nature and the obj ects of the invention having been thus set forth and the apparatus in which it is embodied havin g been thus fully described, what is claimed isl. An oil-stove in which the wick-tubein its upper portion incloses an annular air-induction passage and which in its lower portion is itself directly encircled by an air-induction passage, which in turn is in its upper portion directly encircled by a water-containin g vessel or compartment.

2. An oil-stove in which a central wick-tube in its upper portion incloses an annular airinduction passage, in which such central wicktube is in its lower portion directly encircled by an air-induction passage around the wicktube, in which the encircling air -induction passage is directly encircled by a water-chamber, and in which the encircling water-chamber is itself in turn directly encircled by an air-induction passage.

3. An oil-stove in which a central wick-tube incloses an air-induction passage, in which such central Wick-tube is directly encircled by an air-induction passage, in which such encircling air-induction passage is directly encircled by a water-chamber, in which such encircling water-chamber is itself directly encircled by an air-induction passage, and in which the air-ind uction passage which encircles such encircling water-chamber is itself directly encircled by an oil-reservoir.

4. An oil-stove which has a central wicktube which incloses an air-induction passage, and which in turn is encircled in sucession by an air-induction passage, a water-chamber, an air-induction passage, an oil-reservoir, and an air-induction passage which exteriorly is inclosed by the annular outer shell of the reservoir-section of the base of such stove.

5. An oilstove which has a central wicktube which in its upper portion incloses a supporting-cylinder,and an annularair-induction space between such cylinder and the body of the wick-tube, an annular air-induction passage which directly incloses the wick-tube, an annular water-chamber which incloses the anroo IIO

nular air-induction passage which incloses the wick-tube, and a deliecting plate or ring which rises from the upper extremity of the outer periphery of the annular water-chamber and extends upwardly and inwardly along the upper portion of the wick-tube to a point in a plane above and near to the upper extremity ot' such wick-tube, the water-chamber being open at its top, whereby currents of air moistened by vapor are supplied to the outer portion or surface of the darne.

6. An oil-stove which is provided with a central wick-tube, with an annular water-chainber which encircles the wick-tube, with an an` nular air-induction passage between the wicktube and the water-reservoir, which discharges into the flame-space and combustion-cham ber of the stove, and with an annular air-induction passage which directly encircles the annular water-chamber and which discharges onlyinto theair-warmingchamber ot' the stove.

7. An oil-stove in which are combined a central wick-tube and an annular water-chamber which encircles thewick-tube and which is surmounted by an upwardly-indrawn deflecting and separating ring which overhangs the area between the outer extremity of the waterchalnber and the outer periphery of the wick-tube.

8. An oil-stove in which are combined an annular oil-reservoir, an annularwater-chamber, and an annular wick-tube, each of which directly encircles and each ot which is directly encircled by an annular air-induction passage, the water-chamber and the oil-reser- Voir being in the same horizontal plane.

9. An oil-stove in which are combinedacentrai annular wick-tube which is provided interiorly with a vertically -placed deilector bearing cylinder which extends above the plane of the wick-tube, a water-chamber which encircles the wick-tube at a short distance therefrom, and an annular detlector which rises from the outer wall of the waterchamber and is upwardly indrawn from such wall toward and along the wick-tube to a point a short distance from the deflector which is borne upon the cylinder.

10. In an oil-stove, a central oil and wick chamber, an annular water-chamber which encircles the central oil and wick chamber at a short distance therefrom, an annular oilreservoir outside the annular waterchan1ber, and a conduit which extends from the lower extremity of the annular oil-reservoir to a point near the lower extremity of the central oil and wick chamber, in combination.

1l. In an oil-stove, a central annular wicktube, an annular air-casing which encircles the central and lower portions of such wicktube, and a horizontally-arranged floor-screen suitably suspended from the stove at a short distance below the lower extremity of the central wick-tube, in combination.

12. In an oil-stove, the exterior casing provided with the interior seat s and the interior detlector provided with the exterior seat s', combined with the closing-rin g cr, adapted to such seats, whereby when the combustionchamber is removed the lower section of the stove is adapted to use for culinary purposes.

13. In an oil-stove, a central annular wicktube in whichin its upper portion is supported a capped and flanged cylinder which forms with the wick-tube an annular air-passage and a flame-delector, an annular air-casing which encircles the central and lower portions of such wick-tube, and a horizontally-arranged floor-screen suitably suspended from the stove at a short distance below the lower extremity of the central wick-tube, in combination.

14. In an oil-stove, the exterior casing provided with the interior seat s, combined with the interior detlector provided with the exterior seat s', substantially as set forth.

15. In an oil-stove, the exterior casing having vertical cylindrical drum, combined with the inclosed combustion-chamber having conical upper section provided with vertically-extendingcorrugations, for the purpose setfortll.

16. In an oil-stove, the described exterior cylindrical radiating-casing, the inclosed upwardly-indrawn combustion-ch amber, and the circular deiiector suitably supported at a point above the combustion-chamber and in or near the horizontal plan`e of the upper extremity of the radiating-casing, in combination, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

17. In an oil-stove, the non-reciprocating exterior casing having` a series of windows arrangedin alternation with intermediate im perforate sections, combined with the interior reciprocating combustion-chamber which f is provided with a series of windows which,

like those in the outer casing, are arranged in alternation with intermediate imperforate sections, whereby the stove is made illuminating or non-illuminating, as may be desired.

VICTOR E. RANDALL.

Vtfitnesses: r

FRANK M. FRENCH, S. C. FRENCH.

IOO 

